天博体育官网　　guojiagongyuan，yi“guojia”zhiming，chengzaizhebaohushengtaixitongdeshiming，zaioumeiyijingzouguojin150niandelicheng。

　　suiranzhidao2013nian，zheiyigainiancaikaishizaizhongguo“mengya”。danzaidanghezhengfugaoduzhongshixia，woguoyiyou10chuguojiagongyuantizhishidian，shejiqinghai、jilin、heilongjiang、sichuan、shanxi、gansu、hubei、fujian、zhejiang、hunan、yunnan、hainandeng12gesheng，zongmianjiyue22wanpingfanggongli。

　　yinsanjiangyuanguojiagongyuanjiangyujinnianniandizhengshisheli，yincijinnianyebeichengwei“zhongguoguojiagongyuanyuannian”。

　　woguoweishenmeyaojiansheguojiagongyuan？muqiandouyounaxieguihuazhongdeguojiagongyuanshidiandanwei？zheipianwenzhangjiangweininzuoxiangxijieda。

　jiansheguojiagongyuanshiwoguoziranbaohuditixibuduanfazhanhewanshandebiranxuanze 

天博体育官网　　guojiagongyuanzuoweiyizhongzhongyaodeziranbaohudileixingyijingzouguolejiangjin150niandelicheng。1872nian，shijieshangdiyigeguojiagongyuan——meiguohuangshiguojiagongyuanjianli，tashiziranhuanjingbaohudezhiduxianquzhiyi。

huangshiguojiagongyuanneidedalengjingwenquan

　　rujin，shijieshangyijingyou200duogeguojiajianlilezijideguojiagongyuan。

天博体育官网　　guojiagongyuanzaibutongdeguojiahediqubeifuyubutongdeneihan，biaoxianweifengfudeleixinghetezheng:

　　meiguoyiziranyuanyediweitezhengdeguojiagongyuan，feizhouyiyeshengdongwuqixidiweitezhengdeguojiagongyuan，ouzhouyirengongbanziranxiangcunjingguanweitezhengdeguojiagongyuan。

　　suiranguojiagongyuantizhigeyi、leixingbutong，dantamenyouzhegongtongtedian，jiushidaibiaoguojiaziranhewenhuahexintezhideyileiziranbaohudi。

liushuiqiegexingchengdedaxiagushihuangshiguojiagongyuanneiyidaozhuangkuodefengjing

天博体育官网　　guojiagongyuanshishijiebaohudijianlidekaiduan，ziranbaohudileixingzhongdeyizhong，yigeguojiadeziranziyuanhewenhuaziyuandexiangzheng。

　　zaiwoguo960wanpingfanggonglideguangmaoguotushang，xuyao“guojiagongyuan”。jianliguojiagongyuan，yiweizhebaohudideguanlimoshihetixizaibuduanwanshan。

　　ziranbaohudi，chengzaizhebaohuziranshengtaihejingguandeshiming。guojiagongyuanzuoweiyizhongteshudeziranbaohudileixing，tigongyouqifuwushizhuyaoguanlimubiaozhiyi，tongguofalvheguifanmingqueguojiagongyuandeshengtaibaohuheyouqigongneng，zheishiguojiagongyuanheqitaleixingdeziranbaohudizuizhongyaodequbie。

天博体育官网　　guojiagongyuantixidejianlibingbuyiweizheziranhefengjingbaohudejibiejiangdi，ershizaibaohudideguanlimubiaozhongzengjia——weigongzhongtigonglvyou、xiuxianfuwugongneng，weigongzhongtigongxiangshouziranhejieshouziranjiaoyudejihui。

　congwudaoyou guojiagongyuanzaiwoguodefazhanlicheng 

　　2020nian，yebeichengzhiwei“zhongguoguojiagongyuanyuannian”。

　　jiezhimuqian，woguoyijingjianli10geguojiagongyuantizhishidiandanwei。jinnianniandi，sanjiangyuanguojiagongyuanjijiangzhengshisheyuan。

　　2013nian，dangdeshibajiesanzhongquanhuitichujianliguojiagongyuantizhi，shi“guojiagongyuan”zaiwoguodemengya。

　　jinnianlai，zaiguojiadingcengshejidetuidongxia，“guojiagongyuan”gainiandeyibuduanqianghua:

　　2017nian9yue，zhonggongzhongyangbangongting、guowuyuanbangongtingyinfa《jianliguojiagongyuantizhizongtifangan》，goujianyiguojiagongyuanweidaibiaodeziranbaohuditixi；

　　2017nian10yue，dangdeshijiudabaogaotichu，jianliyiguojiagongyuanweizhutideziranbaohuditixi；

天博体育官网　　2018nian3yue，zhonggongzhongyang《shenhuadangheguojiajigougaigefangan》zhichu，jiakuaijianliyiguojiagongyuanweizhutideziranbaohuditixi；

　　2019nian6yue，zhonggongzhongyangbangongting、guowuyuanbangongtingyinfade《tianbotiyuguanwangjianliyiguojiagongyuanweizhutideziranbaohuditixidezhidaoyijian》tichu，jianlifenleikexue、bujuheli、baohuyouli、guanliyouxiaodeyiguojiagongyuanweizhuti、ziranbaohuquweijichu、geleizirangongyuanweibuchongdezhongguoteseziranbaohuditixi。

天博体育官网　　2019nian8yue19ri，tianbotiyuguanwangzongshujizhixinzhuhediyijieguojiagongyuanluntankaimu: “zhongguoshixingguojiagongyuantizhi，mudeshibaochiziranshengtaixitongdeyuanzhenxinghewanzhengxing，baohushengwuduoyangxing，baohushengtaianquanpingzhang，jizisunhoudailiuxiazhenguideziranzichan。zheishizhongguotuijinziranshengtaibaohu、jianshemeilizhongguo、cujinrenyuziranhexiegongshengdeyixiangzhongyaojucuo。”

10chuguojiagongyuanshelidejiazhiheyiyi 

　　woguodeguojiagongyuanshidiandanwei，baokuo: sanjiangyuanguojiagongyuan、dongbeihubaoguojiagongyuan、qilianshanguojiagongyuan、daxiongmaoguojiagongyuan、hainanredaiyulinguojiagongyuan、wuyishanguojiagongyuan、shennongjiaguojiagongyuan、pudacuoguojiagongyuan、qianjiangyuanguojiagongyuan、nanshanguojiagongyuan10chushidian，sheji12geshengfen，zongmianjichaoguo22wanpingfanggongli，yuezhanwoguoluyuguotumianjide2.3%。

　　① sanjiangyuanguojiagongyuan 

　　2016nian，sanjiangyuanguojiagongyuanchengweiwoguoshougeguojiagongyuanshidian，maichuletizhigaigedediyibu。

天博体育官网　　sanjiangyuandichuqingzanggaoyuanfudi，shizhangjiang、huanghe、lancangjiangdefayuandi，woguodanshuiziyuandezhongyaobujidi，gaoyuanshengwuduoyangxingzuijizhongdediqu，shiyazhou、beibanqiunaizhiquanqiuqihoubianhuademinganquhezhongyaoqidongqu。

　　tateshudediliweizhi、fengfudeziranziyuan、zhongyaodeshengtaigongneng，shiqichengweiwoguoyidaozhongyaodeshengtaianquanpingzhang。

　　rujin，sanjiangyuanguojiagongyuanjijiangzhengshisheli。

　　yutizhishidianchuqixiangbi，sanjiangyuanguojiagongyuantizhishidianqushuiyuanhanyangliangpingjuntigao6%yishang，caodifugailvtigao11%yishang，chancaoliangtigao30%yishang。

　② dongbeihubaoguojiagongyuan 

 　　dongbeihubaoguojiagongyuanweiyujilin、heilongjiangliangshengjiaojiedelaoyelingnanbuquyu，dongqijilinshenghunchunlinyejuqinglongtailinchang，yueluosibinhaibianjiangqujierang，xizhijilinshengwangqingxianlinyejunangoulinchang，nanzijilinshenghunchunlinyejujingxinlinchang，beidaoheilongjiangshengdongjingchenglinyejufendoulinchang，zongmianji1.46wanpingfanggongli。qizhong，jilinshengpianquzhan71%，heilongjiangpianquzhan29%。

　　zheilishiwoguodongbeihu、dongbeibaozhongqunshuliangzuiduo、huodongzuipinfandedingjuhefanyuquyu，yeshizhongyaodeyeshengdongzhiwufenbuquhebeibanqiuwendaiqushengwuduoyangxingzuifengfudediquzhiyi。

　　shelidongbeihubaoguojiagongyuan，shiweileyouxiaobaohuhehuifudongbeihubaoyeshengzhongqun，shixianqizaiwoguojingneiwendingfanyanshengxi；youxiaojiejuedongbeihubaobaohuyurendefazhanzhijiandemaodun，shixianrenyuziranhexiegongsheng。

　③ qilianshanguojiagongyuan 

　　qilianshanguojiagongyuanweiyuqingzanggaoyuandongbeibu，hengkuagansuheqinghailiangsheng，zongmianji5.02wanpingfanggongli。qilianshanshixibuzhongyaodeshengtaianquanpingzhang，huanghezhongyaodeshuiyuandiheshengwuduoyangxingbaohuquyu。2017nian9yue，zhengfupizhunjiansheqilianshanguojiagongyuan，zhuyaozhizeweibaohuqilianshanshengwuduoyangxingheziranshengtaixitongyuanzhenxing、wanzhengxing。

　　④ daxiongmaoguojiagongyuan 

　　daxiongmaoguojiagongyuankuasichuan、shanxihegansusansheng，shejiminshanpianqu、qionglaishan—daxiaoxianglingpianqu、qinlingpianqu、baishuijiangpianqu，zongmianjiwei27134pingfanggongli。daxiongmaoguojiagongyuandichuquanqiushengwuduoyangxingbaohurediandiqu，yeshiwoguoshengtaianquanzhanlvegeju“liangpingsandai”deguanjianquyu。zheiliyouyeshengdaxiongmao1631zhi，zhanquanguoyeshengdaxiongmaozongliangde87.50%，daxiongmaoqixidimianji18056pingfanggongli，zhanquanguodaxiongmaoqixidimianjide70.08%，youguojiazhongdianbaohuyeshengdongwu116zhong、guojiazhongdianbaohuyeshengzhiwu35zhong。

天博体育官网　　⑤ hainanredaiyulinguojiagongyuan   

　　hainanredaiyulinguojiagongyuanweiyuhainandaozhongbushanqu，dongqidiaoluoshanguojiasenlingongyuan，xizhijianfenglingguojiajiziranbaohuqu，nanzibaotingxianmaoganxiang，beizhilimushanshengjiziranbaohuqu，zongmianji4400yupingfanggongli，yuezhanhainandaoluyumianjide1/7。

　　hainanredaiyulinshishijieredaiyulindezhongyaozuchengbufen，shiredaiyulinhejifengchanglvkuoyelinjiaocuodaishangweiyide“daluxingdaoyuxing”redaiyulin，shiwoguofenbuzuijizhong、baocunzuiwanhao、lianpianmianjizuidaderedaiyulin，yongyouzhongduohainanteyoudedongzhiwuzhonglei，shiquanqiuzhongyaodezhongzhiziyuanjiyinku，shiwoguoredaishengwuduoyangxingbaohudezhongyaodiqu，yeshiquanqiushengwuduoyangxingbaohuderediandiquzhiyi。

　　⑥ wuyishanguojiagongyuan 

天博体育官网  

天博体育官网　　wuyishanguojiagongyuanweiyufujianshengbeibu，zhoubianfenbieyufujianshengwuyishanshixibeibu、jianyangquheshaowushibeibu、guangzexiandongnanbu、jiangxishengqianshanxiannanbupilin。guihuazongmianji1001.41pingfanggongli。

天博体育官网　　wuyishanguojiagongyuandimaodute，zhuyaofenbuleqianzhendanxihezhendanxidebianzhiyanxi，zhongshengdaidehuoshanyan、huagangyanhesuixieyan。zaizhongshengdaiwanqi，wuyishanfashengleqiangliedehuoshanpenfahuodong，jizhiweidaguimodehuagangyanqinru，yifaxianzheiliyoufengfudehuoshanjigou，weidianxingdeyazhoudongbuhuantaipingyangdaidegouzaotezheng。baiejiwanqidehongseshaliyanshixingchengdanxiadimaodezhuti。

　　zhongshengdaidediqiaoyundongdiandinglewuyishandimaodejibengujia。yanxingduiwuyishandimaofayuyehenmingxian，xibuhaiba1500myishangdeshanfeng，jibenshangyoujianyingdeninghuirongyanheliuwenyangoucheng，dongbuhongseshayeyandiquzewangwangfayuyoujiaokuandegudihependi。wuyishanfengfudedimaoleixingshiliushuiqinshi、fenghuaboshi、zhonglibengtadengzonghezuoyongdejieguo。

　⑦ shennongjiaguojiagongyuan 

天博体育官网 　　shennongjiaguojiagongyuanshiwoguoteyoushuzhiwuzuifengfudediquzhiyi，yeshishijieshengwuhuohuashijujidihegulao、zhenxi、teyouwuzhongbinansuo，kanchengshengwuduoyangxingwangguo。shennongjiaguojiagongyuantizhishidianquzhengheshennongjiaguojiajiziranbaohuqu、shennongjiaguojiadizhigongyuan、shennongjiadajiuhuguojiashidigongyuan、shennongjiaguojiasenlingongyuansige“guozitou”baohudi，mianji1170pingfanggongli。shennongjiashihubeijingneizhangjiangyuhanshuidefenshuiling、nanshuibeidiaozhongxiangongchengzhongyaodeshuiyuanhanyangdi，yeshisanxiakuquzuidadetianranlvsepingzhang。

　　⑧ pudacuoguojiagongyuan 

　　pudacuoguojiagongyuanweiyudianxibei“sanjiangbingliu”shijieziranyichandezhongxindidai，youguojizhongyaoshidibitahaiziranbaohuquhe“sanjiangbingliu”shijieziranyichanhabapianquzhishudouhujingquliangbufengoucheng，yibitahai、shudouhuhemilitangyagaoshanmuchangweizhuyaozuchengbufen，yeshixianggelilalvyoudezhuyaojingdianzhiyi。pudacuoguojiagongyuanyongyoudizhidimao、huboshidi、senlincaodian、heguxiliu、zhenxidongzhiwudeng，yuanshitianbotiyuguanwangbaocunwanhao。zheilijuxianggelilashichengqu22gongli，zongmianjiyue1313pingfangqianmi。

　⑨ qianjiangyuanguojiagongyuan 

天博体育官网　　qianjiangyuanguojiagongyuandichuzhejiangshengkaihuaxian，yujiangxishengwuyuanxian、dexingshi，anhuishengxiuningxianxiangpilin,mianjiyue252pingfanggongli，baokuogutianshanguojiajiziranbaohuqu、qianjiangyuanguojiasenlingongyuan、qianjiangyuanshengjifengjingmingshengqudeng3gebaohudi，yijilianjieyishangziranbaohudizhijiandeshengtaiquyu。

　　qianjiangyuanguojiagongyuanzhuyaobaohuduixiangshidamianjidihaibazhongyaredaiyuanshichanglvkuoyelin。zoujinqianjiangyuanguojiagongyuan，fangfozoujinleyigejudadeshengwujiyinku。zheilibaocunzhequanqiuxiyoudezhongyaredaidihaibadianxingdeyuanshengchanglvkuoyelindidaixingzhibei，quanyugongyougaodengzhiwu2062zhong，niaolei237zhong，shoulei58zhong，liangqileidongwu26zhong，paxingleidongwu51zhong，kunchong1156zhong，qizhongzhenxibinweizhiwu61zhong，zhongguoteyoushu14ge。

天博体育官网　　⑩ nanshanguojiagongyuan 

天博体育官网　　nanshanguojiagongyuanshinanlingshanmaidedianfengquyu，chuzainanlingshanmaiyuxuefengshanmaijiaohuididai，shiwoguonanbeizongxiangshanmaiyudongxihengxiangshanmaidejiaohuishuniu。zheilidichu“dongya—aodalixiya”houniaoqianxitongdaoshang。nanshanguojiagongyuanhangailewoguozhongnanbushandiquanbushengtaileixing，shi“shanshuilintianhucao”shengminggongtongtidedianxingdaibiao，shizhangjiangliuyuyuanjiangshuixihezishuishuixi、zhujiangliuyuxijiangshuixiyuantoujisandashuixidefenshuiling，yeshizhongyaodeshuiyuanhanyangdi。

天博体育官网　　guojiagongyuandeshelibingbujinjinshiweileyinruguojimoshilaijianshebaohudi，gengzhongyaodeshiyaoshijianyizhidubaozhangshengtaiwenmingjianshedemubiao，tongguoguojiagongyuandeshelilailuoshi2011nianguowuyuanchutaide《quanguozhutigongnengquguihua》，huadingshengtaibaohuhongxian，zhongxinzhenghehequeliwoguodeziranbaohutixi，wanshanwoguodeziranbaohuguanlitizhi。

天博体育官网　　guojiagongyuanbingfeishijigebaohudi，ershiyigewanzhengdeguojiagongyuantixi。zheiyitixidequeliduiyubaohudishiye、guojiajingjifazhan、shehuizhixuwendingheguominshenghuojiankangdouyouzhezhongyaodejiazhiheyiyi。